← Crop Library

Brussels Sprouts

Long Island Improved

Brassicaceae

Spacing1 per sq ft
Days to Harvest100d
Expected Yield50-100 sprouts per plant (2-3 lbs)

Brussels Sprouts

No photo yet · Tap Generate to create one

AI-generated botanical watercolor illustration of Brussels Sprouts.

Text me when to plant brussels sprouts

Get a month-by-month brussels sprouts growing summary texted to your phone — sow windows, harvest timing, and what to do this week. No app, no account.

We'll text you a one-time summary. Standard message rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out.

Variety History

Long Island Improved was the standard American Brussels sprouts variety for over a century, developed in the 1890s. Modern F1 hybrids (Jade Cross, Diablo) offer better uniformity and disease resistance but many gardeners prefer the open-pollinated flavor.

Regional Context

Brussels sprouts are a defining PNW winter crop. Our long cool autumn produces exceptional sprouts. Long Island Improved is the classic variety. Start indoors in March, transplant May, harvest October through February. The flavor transformation after first frost is dramatic — from bitter and cabbagey to sweet and nutty. A Thanksgiving harvest of homegrown Brussels sprouts is peak PNW gardening.

Growing Technique

Start indoors in March for May transplanting. Brussels sprouts require a long season (90-100 days from transplant). Space 18-24" apart (1 per sq ft). They are the heaviest feeders of any brassica: work lots of compost into the planting hole and side-dress monthly with high-nitrogen fertilizer. Stake each plant — they grow 2-3 ft tall and become top-heavy. When sprouts begin forming in leaf axils (starting at the bottom), remove yellowing lower leaves. For tighter sprouts, pinch out the growing tip in early September. Harvest sprouts from bottom up when they reach 1-2" diameter, twisting to snap off. Frost dramatically improves flavor.

Watch For

  • Aphids are the worst pest — they infiltrate the tight sprout heads and cannot be washed out. Floating row cover from planting through harvest is the only reliable defense. Cabbage worms — Bt or row cover. Loose, open sprouts (not tight balls) from too much nitrogen or heat — proper timing and moderate feeding are key. Wind rock — loose soil around the base prevents plants from toppling in PNW winter storms.

Recipes